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Road accidents exact a heavy human and economic toll, accounting for over a million worldwide deaths per year and injuring many more, making such events a major public health issue. According to the World Health Organization [WHO] Global Status Report on Road Safety  road traffic injuries are currently the 8th leading cause of death globally and, if current trends continue unabated,

 are projected to be the 5th leading cause by 2030. Rates vary by country, but middle income and developing countries typically suffer the greatest burden as their motorization increases and often outpaces infrastructural development . The repercussions are not only physical and financial; car accidents exact a psychological 


toll on survivors, often resulting in post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety. In addition, evidence suggests that even persons not directly involved in traumatic experiences can experience lasting psychological effects and fear acquisition due to their vicarious perception of said events . In fact,  and King found that some children report high levels of fear from events, including car accidents, mainly from negative information from their parents.




Fears in children and adolescents have been measured in quite diverse countries and cultures; they have been considered as a normal part of development and reported to change with cognitive and social experiences. Fears usually decrease as children get older with some exceptions such as fear of criticism, school related and pee


related fears. Overall, girls report more fears than boys  Cross cultural differences have been examined in many contexts. A past study by  found children’s fears to be invariant between relatively similar countries (namely the United States, Australia, and Britain), with 9 of 10 most commonly reported fears being the same in all three


 countries and having similar prevalence. Other studies have reported that childhood fears were, at least to some extent, culturally determined; Bedouins report more fear than Israelis [ for example, and black South Africans children report more fears than white children these



 findings have been replicated in a US study comparing African American, Hispanic to white children yielding significant effects of ethnicity In addition the course of fear expression seems not to be universal: in some countries the age trends are different than in others 


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